Effects of the French and Indian War

Impacts of the French and Indian War For what reason do I think the French and Indian war made America? Quite a bit of students of history take a shot at the formation of America has concentrated essentially upon the War of Independence and its extraordinary impact in molding the establishments of the American state. This academic concentration upon the War of Independence as the support of America has implied that the French and Indian war has preferably less essentialness in the mainstream creative mind over it merits. It is the point of this paper to show that the French and Indian war was not only a minor forerunner to the substantially more generally perceived American War of Independence yet rather an original occasion in its own correct that profoundly affected the course of American history. The French and Indian war planted the seeds for the making of America as we probably am aware it today. The prominent antiquarian Fred Anderson accepts that the significance and impact of the French and Indian war was to such an extent that he terms it â€Å"the war that made America.†[1] The contention that the French and Indian war made America will be made with the piece of the accompanying focuses: Firstly, the war changed the colonials’ perspective on their own remaining inside the Empire. They accepted that they had substantiated themselves as equivalents yet their status had not experienced a comparative transformation according to the Whitehall. Furthermore, the expulsion of the French danger from North America drove some to address why they expected to proceed in their relationship with the British. Thirdly, the French and Indian war prompted the Royal Proclamation of 1763 which precluded the articulation from claiming the colonies’ assurance for additional westbound development. At long last, the expense of the French and Indian war, and the more extensive Seven Years Warâ led to expanded assessments being forced upon the states, burdens that were progressively observed as an uncalled for inconvenience. These variables delineated joined to deliver the hunger for autonomy from the British Crown and drove at last to the formation of America. The French and Indian war started a social move which drove the colonials to imagine themselves as equivalent accomplices in the [British] empire†[2], a thought that put them at chances with their British overlords and at last prompted strife with the British Empire and the inevitable making of a free America. The pioneers accepted that their endeavors in the war had demonstrated their status as equivalent individuals from the Empire. They were, as they would like to think now ‘partners in Empire.’ There was a feeling of pride in having a place with the Empire. Benjamin Franklin praised â€Å"not only as I am a pioneer, yet as I am a Briton.†[3] In a disposition of cheering, New York raised sculptures of King George III and William Pitt. Notwithstanding, the British didn't concur that the settlers had earned their recently discovered status as accomplices in Empire. The perspectives on the British had not modified, the confidence in the Empire’s chain of command and the power of the Crown remained. These contending dreams of empire[4] were hopeless and implied at this point further division between the different sides. The Treaty of Paris (1763) saw France lose the entirety of its North American region east of the Mississippi put something aside for the two little islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon. This steering of the French drove the settlements to address very why they ought to stay attached to the British. There was currently no shared adversary to join them. In 1773 the regal legislative leader of Massachusetts expressed that had Canada â€Å"remained to the French none of the soul of restriction to the Mother Country would yet have appeared.†[5] The expulsion of the French danger that came about because of the contention cultivated an environment in which the colonials started to bring forth their own thoughts of popular government and self-rule accordingly furnishing them with the scholarly and philosophical ammo with which to assault British dominion The British were worried that the provinces western outskirts ought not grow any further, in case it irritate the Indian clans and consequently incite a further spate of contentions. Besides, Britain’s new North American Empire, less the French, was immense and any endeavors to augment it yet further gambled rendering it ungovernable. Accordingly the Royal Proclamation of 1763 restricted further westbound extension past the Appalachian Mountains. The launch of the French from North America implied that the colonists’ want for additional westbound extension became more grounded at the very time when such development was denied by the Crown. According to the colonials the war had opened up the huge North American landmass for additional development and settlement. A 1763 famer’s chronological registry summarized the overarching state of mind; â€Å"But now observe! The rancher may have land for nothing†¦Land enough for himself and every one of his children, b e they ever so many.†[6] Something needed to give and the issue of pushing back the wildernesses before long carried the provinces into strife with the Empire and added to the uproar for autonomy. Unexpectedly the imperials expansionist desire of the pioneers brought helped turn them against the burdens of the British Empire. The enormous expense of the French and Indian clash, and the more extensive Seven Years War implied that British obligation spiraled subsequently. To help facilitate this money related weight a more noteworthy tax assessment was forced upon the provinces. This financial weight, alongside the philosophical complaints no imposing taxes without any political benefit went the celebrated cry †made the states further inquiry the knowledge of British standard. Ensuring the mainland had cost the British truly and comparative with British citizens the homesteaders paid less in charges despite the fact that they were increasingly prosperous. A prewar British obligation of  £73 million had developed to  £137 million postwar[7] and the weight of directing North America was presently progressively exorbitant in light of the fact that the Empire had extended so incredibly. The pilgrims protested paying what they saw as subjective duties to an inaccessible parliament where no settler sat. Besides, the new expenses came when the pioneer economy was enduring a downturn, making them significantly more detested. The defiance over assessments, the Stamp Act specifically, likewise had the impact of validating British intuitions that the settlers yearned for freedom and helped set the homesteader on a crash course with the Mother nation. Taking everything into account, this paper has exhibited that the French and Indian war was a significant contributing component in the making of an autonomous America. While the American War of Independence may get a great part of the wonder, the occasions of 1754â€1763 unmistakably planted the seeds for the colonies’ split away from the British Empire. It did as such because of four key reasons. Right off the bat the war urged the colonials to see themselves as equivalents yet their status had has not experienced a comparative transformation according to the Mother nation, prompting discontent in North America. Furthermore, the evacuation of the French danger likewise implied the expulsion of the shared adversary that unified the states and Britain, in this way driving the homesteaders to scrutinize their connections to the Crown. Thirdly, the French and Indian war, because of the tremendous extension of the North American realm, brought about Royal Proclamation of 1763 w hich denied any further westbound development, the very development that the pilgrims wanted. At long last, the expense of the French and Indian war, and the more extensive Seven Years War prompted expanded charges being forced upon the provinces who hated paying what they felt were discretionary assessments to an inaccessible parliament, particularly in a period where they were encountering a monetary downturn. These variables joined to feed the flames of autonomy and insubordination in North America prompting the formation of an American country liberated from government. As Anderson contends, without the French and Indian war â€Å"American autonomy would most likely have been long delayed†[8] List of sources Anderson, Fred, Crucible of War: The Seven Years War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766 (London: Faber, 2000) - , The War That Made America: A Short History of the French and Indian War (New York: Penguin, 2006) Fowler, William M, Empires at War: The French and Indian War and the Struggle for North America, 1754-1763 (New York: Walker, 2005) Jennings, Francis, Empire of Fortune: Crowns, Colonies and Tribes in the Seven Years War in America (New York: Norton, 1988) McLynn, Frank, 1759: The Year Britain Became Master of The World (London: Jonathan Cape, 2004) Taylor, Alan, American Colonies: The Settling of North America (London: Penguin, 2001) Commentaries [1] Anderson, Fred, The War That Made America: A Short History of the French and Indian War (New York: Penguin, 2006) [2] Anderson, Fred, Crucible of War: The Seven Years War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766 (London: Faber, 2000) [3] Taylor, Alan, American Colonies: The Settling of North America (London: Penguin, 2001), 437 [4] Anderson, The War That Made America , 746 [5] Taylor (operation cit) 438 [6] Ibid. 437 [7] Ibid. 439 [8] Anderson, Crucible of Wa,r xi

Oil Spill in Gulf of Mexico Ethical Issues Involved

Question: Examine about theOil Spill in Gulf of Mexico for Ethical Issues Involved. Answer: Presentation: English Petroleum is viewed as the greatest coordinated vitality association on the planet. It works all the exercises which are for the most part associated with the gas and oil which mean refining, creating, investigating, advertising and dispersing these items on the planet showcase. It likewise utilizes the sustainable power sources like sun based and wind power. The creation of raw petroleum just as flammable gas produce by British Petroleum reaches to practically 4.1 million consistently. It has just about 85 thousand workers who are working in right around 110 nations. It is viewed as a significant company (Gilmour, 2014). The interconnection between the general public and the business is called business morals which comprise of two central matters of view. First being the principle reason for any business is to procure the benefit, this view is with respect to the business though the subsequent view is in regards to the general public which implies that the general public consider the business exercises as a piece of the general public, and the strategies followed by the business ought to be worthy by them and positive for the general public (Gaskill, 2011). Once in a while there are circumstances when to acquire the benefit the business need to take certain choices which are not good for the general public and makes harms the general public which is called moral business issues. There exists circumstance when the choice of the business is unscrupulous and against the social ethics like condition contamination and risky condition conditions which influence the partners. Such occurrences have been found in Deepwater Horizon oil spills.In the year 2010 on twentieth April, a blast happened on the penetrating foundation of the Mexico Gulf, which is one of the biggest blast till date throughout the entire existence of the oil business. In this mishap of Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, 11 specialists were slaughtered, and 17 had genuine wounds In this mishap right around 150 thousand barrels of oil was flushed into the sea(Crowsey, 2013). Numerous legislature and non-government association researched the purposes behind the blast and the explanation behind this enormous blast at the profound water Horizon Oil spill was exploitative conduct. The different reasons for this blast were the amateurish conduct of the higher specialists of the organization, and the structure of oil stage which is required for boring was not introduced appropriately. BP proceeded with the penetrating by utilizing a modest structure of the well which was viewed as very risky.It influenced the travel industry and fish industry (Shamonda, 2014). This blast had made incredible harm the notoriety of British Petroleum and confidence of the partner were lost. It caused immense monetary misfortunes. The organization lost financial specialists just as the clients. This oil slicks additionally caused negative notoriety of fuel stations. The choice of the organization to proceed without the correct structure was wrong which lead to such a huge destructi on.The investigate has demonstrated that the subcontractors and the BP have followed the time - sparing system without understanding the unsafe impacts and hazard engaged with it. The choice of the organization about setting aside cash without understanding that oil penetrating technique followed by the organization was dangerous was not right. Therefore, it made obliteration the earth, and the organization needed to bring about tremendous pointless costs. This oil slick influenced the lives of numerous individuals. This issue prompts an expansion in the cost of unrefined petroleum. The cost of the oil was expanded in light of the fact that the cleaning cost was added to the cost of the oil. Likewise, the mishap caused the deficiency in the gracefully of oil for utilization of the buyers. This frequency made an issue for other oil organizations when limitation in the oil boring territories and new guidelines were forced (Mitsch,2010). This influenced the picture of the British Petroleum which thusly influenced their partners, technologist, and workers. There are different speculations of moral conduct which all the organizations need to follow to spare the earth and work to serve the general public. One such moral hypothesis is Mills Utilitarianism hypothesis which incorporates the satisfaction standard which means carrying most prominent utility to an enormous number of individuals. This hypothesis recommends that conduct is viewed as moral on the off chance that it benefits countless individuals. Regardless of whether in this procedure an individual needs to forfeit their bliss by giving joy to an enormous number of individuals than the conduct is viewed as moral. The oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico was viewed as inverse to the hypothesis of factories since it influenced countless individuals and influenced the travel industry and fish industry of the district (Mitsch, 2010). It caused an unsafe impact on the wellbeing of the individuals and the earth. It made lost million the organization which thus influenced the picture of the organization and the confidence of its representatives, partners, and so on. This blast will have a negative impact for a considerable length of time to come. Notwithstanding these misfortunes, the cleaning procedure additionally had a negative impact since it caused air and water contamination. This rate has impacted the thinking about all the individuals engaged with it and they were thinking to move to other vitality sources on the grounds that the oil slick negatively affects nature. A great deal of steps were taken after the incident.BP currently concentrates more on nursery outflow and an Earth-wide temperature boost with the goal that a superior situation is given to the people in the future. Partners are more worry about the cost of the oil and the contamination that is made by the oil business. They currently contribute more on normal wellsprings of vitality like sun powered and wind vitality and putting resources into biofuels. It is thinking of new innovation and venture to utilize common wellsprings of vitality. The utilization of oil and its items are expanding each year; along these lines, BP is following method with the goal that the nursery gasses that are radiated in nature are diminished so it doesn't make a destructive impact on the earth (Pezeshki DeLaune, 2015). It is an interest in the undertaking and innovation and enhancing new innovation with the goal that it makes low carbon items for what's to come. To recuperate from the demolition caused because of oil slick the organization has followed different cleaning effort which is assisting with recouping the misfortune caused to the travel industry and the marine life. The oil and oil industry ought to consider their mindfully to not to hurt the earth and the untamed life and work towards the advantage of the general public. The Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico was caused essentially because of the carelessness of the top specialists and because of dishonest practices followed by the organization. The correct structure that was required for boring design was not built which lead to such gigantic pulverization. Better advances and development ought to be utilized, so the organization can play out its activity effectiveness and to dispose of the superfluous consuming of the gasses and to stop the spillage. This should be possible by utilizing the sustainable wellsprings of vitality and utilizing better and new innovations. The BP should move in the direction of the safeguarding of the earth for the future and security nature from the hurtful impact caused because of this industry (Gaskill, 2011). The improvement of the general public and the earth oug ht to be the first and most significant objective of the oil and oil industry. References Crowsey, R. (2013). Industriousness of Gulf of Mexico Surface Oil from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Spill.Southeastern Geographer,53(4), 359-361. Gaskill, M. (2011). Oil slicks underreported in Gulf of Mexico.Nature. Gilmour, S. (2014).Deepwater Horizon Blowout Animation.YouTube. Recovered 10 August 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCVCOWejlagauthuser=0. Mitsch, W. (2010). The 2010 oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico: What might Mother Nature do?.Ecological Engineering,36(12), 1607-1610. Pezeshki, S. DeLaune, R. (2015). US Gulf of Mexico Coastal Marsh Vegetation Responses and Sensitivities to Oil Spill: A Review.Environments,2(4), 586-607. Shamonda, H. (2014).Business Ethics Presentation-British Petroleum.YouTube. Recovered 10 August 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmYth3fXN5Aauthuser=0.

Decision Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Choice Analysis - Essay Example The exposition alludes to â€Å"Case Study of Rural Health Care in the Economic Downturn by North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center. Medicinal services offices have vitality escalated structures and utilize more vitality than different types of structures per square meter. Vitality effectiveness is basic to liberating capital caught inside traditional emergency clinic foundation. Ways to deal with vitality productivity will give perfect, modest, and rich to Ashe Memorial Hospital in the conveyance of quick medical clinic reserve funds. The emergency clinic will improve money related execution through creation propelled choices to vitality the board. Ashe Memorial Hospital should concentrate on accomplishing reasonable utility cost decreases and reserve funds over the building’s life cycle (Borkowski and Deckard, 2013). The methodology creates new money and expanded capital ceaselessly. Note that emergency clinic interest in productive methods impactsly affects medical clinic money related execution. Be that as it may, there is a need to have consistency in actualizing the dependability of cost per case and income. The decreased of punishments and carbon charges develops the vitality effectiveness later on while Ashe Memorial Hospital embraces the capacity of full consistence with controllers and accreditation associations in its activities. The diminished potential for preventable unfavorable occasions incorporates newborn child kidnappings just as unforeseen patient flights for improved security of patients, staffs, and resources without additional costs (Twaddle, 2002). Lower levels of intensity disappointment and patient wounds just as death because of electrical flames or force disappointment diminishes the potential for greater expenses. The utilization of wise medicinal services arrangements gives Ashe Memorial Hospital a chance of improving hospital’s money related execution. Different advantages of mechanization incorporate higher efficiency level and by and large patient fulfillment, wellbeing, and security. Likewise,

The Spanish Conquistadors

From the moment of Christopher Columbus discovery of lands previously unknown to Europe in 1492, the New World captured the imagination of European adventurers. Thousands of men came to the New World to seek fortune, glory, and land. For two centuries, these men explored the New World, conquering any native people they came across in the name of the King of Spain (and the hope of gold). They came to be known as the conquistadors. Who were these men? Definition of Conquistador The word conquistador comes from Spanish and means he who conquers. The conquistadors were those men who took up arms to conquer, subjugate, and convert native populations in the New World. Who Were the Conquistadors? Conquistadors came from all over Europe. Some were German, Greek, Flemish, and so on, but most of them came from Spain, particularly southern and southwestern Spain. The conquistadors typically came from families ranging from the poor to the lower nobility. The very high-born rarely needed to set off in search of adventure. Conquistadors had to have some money to purchase the tools of their trade, such as weapons, armor, and horses. Many of them were veteran professional soldiers who had fought for Spain in other wars, like the reconquest of the Moors (1482-1492) or the Italian Wars (1494-1559). Pedro de Alvarado was a typical example. He was from the province of Extremadura in southwestern Spain and was the younger son of a minor noble family. He could not expect any inheritance, but his family had enough money to purchase good weapons and armor for him. He came to the New World in 1510 specifically to seek his fortune as a conquistador. Armies Although most of the conquistadors were professional soldiers, they werent necessarily well-organized. They were not a standing army in the sense that we think of it. In the New World, at least, they were more like mercenaries. They were free to join any expedition they wanted to and could theoretically leave at any time, although they tended to see things through. They were organized by units. Footmen, harquebusiers, cavalry, and so on served under trusted captains who were responsible to the expedition leader. Conquistador Expeditions Expeditions, such as Pizarros Inca campaign or the countless searches for the city of El Dorado, were expensive and privately financed (although the King still expected his 20 percent cut of any valuables discovered). Sometimes the conquistadors themselves chipped in funds for an expedition in the hopes that it would discover great wealth. Investors were also involved: wealthy men who would provision and equip an expedition expecting a share of the spoils if it discovered and looted a rich native kingdom. There was some bureaucracy involved, as well. A group of conquistadors could not just pick up their swords and head off into the jungle. They had to secure official written and signed permission from certain colonial officials first. Weapons and Armor Armor and weapons were crucially important for a conquistador. Footmen had heavy armor and swords made of fine Toledo steel if they could afford them. Crossbowmen had their crossbows, tricky weapons which they had to keep in good working order. The most common firearm at the time was the harquebus, a heavy, slow-to-load rifle. Most expeditions had at least a few harquebusiers along. In Mexico, most conquistadors eventually abandoned their heavy armor in favor of the lighter, padded protection the Mexicans used. Horsemen used lances and swords. Larger campaigns might have some artillerymen and cannons along, as well as shot and powder. Loot and the Encomienda System Some conquistadors claimed that they were attacking the New World natives to spread Christianity and save the natives from damnation. Many of the conquistadors were, indeed, religious men. However, the conquistadors were far more interested in gold and loot. The Aztecs and Inca Empires were rich in gold, silver, precious stones, and other things the Spanish found less valuable, like brilliant clothes made of bird feathers. Conquistadors who participated in any successful campaign were given shares based on many factors. The king and the expedition leader (like Hernan Cortes) each received 20 percent of all loot. After that, it was divided up among the men. Officers and horsemen got a larger cut than foot soldiers, as did crossbowmen, harquebusiers, and artillerymen. After the King, officers, and other soldiers had all gotten their cut, there was often not much left for the common soldiers. One prize which could be used to buy off conquistadors was the gift of an encomienda. An encomienda was land given to a conquistador, usually with natives already living there. The word encomienda comes from a Spanish verb meaning to entrust. In theory, the conquistador or colonial official receiving an encomienda had the duty of providing protection and religious instruction to the natives on his land. In return, the natives would work in mines, produce food or trade goods, and so on. In practice, it was little more than slavery. Abuses The historical record abounds in examples of conquistadors murdering and tormenting native populations, and these horrors are far too numerous to list here. Defender of the Indies Fray Bartolomà © de las Casas listed many of them in his Brief Account of the Devastation of the Indies. The native populations of many Caribbean islands, such as Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico, were essentially wiped out by a combination of conquistador abuses and European diseases. During the conquest of Mexico, Cortes ordered a massacre of Cholulan noblemen. Only months later, Cortes lieutenant Pedro De Alvarado would do the same thing in Tenochtitlan. There are countless accounts of Spaniards torturing and murdering natives to obtain the location of the gold. One common technique was to burn the soles of someones feet to get them to talk. One example was Emperor Cuauhtà ©moc of the Mexica, whose feet were burned by the Spanish to make him tell them where they could find more gold. Famous Conquistadors Famous conquistadors who have been remembered in history include Francisco Pizarro, Juan Pizarro, Hernando Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, Diego Velazquez de Cuellar, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Juan Ponce de Leon, Panfilo de Narvaez, Lope de Aguirre, and Francisco de Orellana. Legacy At the time of the conquest, Spanish soldiers were among the finest in the world. Spanish veterans from dozens of Europeans battlefields flocked to the New World, bringing their weapons, experience, and tactics with them. Their deadly combination of greed, religious zeal, ruthlessness, and superior weaponry proved too much for native armies to handle, especially when combined with lethal European diseases, such as smallpox, which decimated native ranks. Conquistadors left their marks culturally as well. They destroyed temples, melted down golden works of art, and burned native books and codices. Defeated natives were usually enslaved via the encomienda system, which persisted long enough to leave a cultural imprint on Mexico and Peru. The gold the conquistadors sent back to Spain began a Golden Age of imperial expansion, art, architecture, and culture. Sources Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. The Conquest of New Spain. Penguin Classics, John M. Cohen (Translator), Paperback, Penguin Books, August 30, 1963.Hassig, Ross. Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control. The Civilization of the American Indian Series, First Edition Edition, University of Oklahoma Press, September 15, 1995.Las Casas, Bartolomà © de. The Devastation of the Indies: A Brief Account. Herma Briffault (Translator), Bill Donovan (Introduction), 1st Edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, February 1, 1992.Levy, Buddy. Conquistador: Hernan Cortes, King Montezuma, and the Last Stand of the Aztecs. Paperback, 6/28/09 edition, Bantam, July 28, 2009.Thomas, Hugh. Conquest: Cortes, Montezuma, and the Fall of Old Mexico. Paperback, Reprint edition, Simon Schuster, April 7, 1995.

Natural Selection

The Civil Rights Of The United States - 902 Words

Jury duty is a constitutional and fundamental right guaranteed to American citizens. Jury service is a way for citizens to directly participate in the judicial system. Jury duty and jury trials have been around for so long that people take it for granted. The jury was one of the factors that caused the American Revolution because the English common law system did not allow alleged criminals to have the sixth amendment rights that the United States has today. In fact, The Declaration of Independence charged that King George III deprived the colonists of a trial by jury (United States Federal Judicial Center, n.d). The Founding Fathers of the United States established the role of the jury and the right to trial by jury in most criminal and civil cases in the Constitution but that clearly cannot be fulfilled unless there are people serving on a jury. The Constitution holds the Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Amendment, which are the amendments that involve the right to trial by jury. First, the Fifth Amendment provides for grand juries in criminal cases that hear the evidence from the prosecutor and decide whether to issue an indictment. Second, the Sixth Amendment declares, â€Å"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed (U.S. Const. amend. VI).† Third, the Seventh Amendment states that a jury can be requested in civil cases if the matter of theShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Of The United States Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe United states has been called the, â€Å"Land of The Free† since its independence was won from Great Britain, however, until 1965 â€Å"Free† only applied to a select demographic, white, land owning males. The most largely discriminated demograp hic before 1996 and somewhat even so today is the African American population. In 1619 the first African American slaves were introduced into the colony of Jamestown, Virginia 1. Then after many years and revolts, in 1831 slavery was finally abolished and all freedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States951 Words   |  4 PagesCivil rights have been a big issue throughout American history. From the time America was formed, groups have been discriminated against due to their ethnicity, religion, and race. Slaves were not considered American so they did not have rights. They did not become American citizens until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed in 1868. Still, African Americans still did not have as many rights as other groups. Almost a century after the Fourteenth Amendment was enacted, African Americans were stillRead MoreCivil Rights in the United States1282 Words   |  6 PagesPieces of the People’s Puzzle In total there are fifteen laws that count towards the topic of civil rights in the United States, alone. Kenji Yoshino, author of â€Å"The New Civil Rights† says that in order for us to turn our current beliefs into a set of ‘new’ civil rights, law must play a role. Obvious enough, law alone cannot bring about a new set of civil rights. There are more than enough pieces that could make up this puzzle. For instance, media plays a huge role in this situation. The mediaRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States2011 Words   |  9 Pagesdifficult part about it was, as time went by, people were given more rights and were unjustly discriminated because of the past. This has happened in many cases throughout our countries history. Civil rights are a big part of our society and the past shows many ways that the civil rights of the citizens were taken from. In Unit 2 of the course, we learned three different ways the government can discriminate the people of th e United States and the meticulous process it takes the government to discriminateRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States2348 Words   |  10 Pagessegregated. African Americans insisted on receiving their rights. In this essay, I will be analyzing all the main factors, and explaining why I think that the Supreme Court was responsible for the improving status of black people in the United States in the years 1945-1965. The Federal Government plays a role in improving the status of African Americans. Truman was the initial president since Abraham Lincoln to attend to the civil rights issue who affected African Americans. As a young man, TrumanRead MoreThe United States Civil Rights3535 Words   |  15 Pages When citizens of society break federal and state laws they face a punishment known as â€Å" jail† or â€Å" prison†, which purpose is to not only to serve as a punishment but to also act as a program designed to help convicts enter back in to the society as a better person. As citizens of the United States we have civil rights granted to us from the U.S. Constitution that are not meant to just be taken away from us whenever the correctional system feels like it. Many people believe that once a person isRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States891 Words   |  4 Pagesspeaker for the Salazar Vs. Buono case was lead justice, John Roberts. He was born in Buffalo, New York as a religious catholic that took interest in law. Roberts was a graduated from Harva rd Law School who went on to became the Chief Justice of the United States in 2005. However, In 2003 John Roberts was the lead justice of the Supreme court who read the final decision for the Salazar Vs. Buono case. The final decision ruled in favor of Salazar stating that the cross did no longer violate the First AmendmentRead MoreThe Civil Rights Era Of The United States1141 Words   |  5 Pagesis mightier than the mightiest weapon of destruction devised by the ingenuity of man.† (Gandhi). The Civil Rights era was filled with a slew of various protests attempting to bring equality to the African American race in the United States. During this period in history, African American people of all social classes and places across the country were racially oppressed and were denied basic rights that were available to their Caucasian counterparts. People began to protest this oppression and decidedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States1668 Words   |  7 PagesTh e civil rights movement in the USA in the 1950’s and 1960’s.can be termed as a democratic movement. The basic reason behind this was the discrimination of the African-Americans that were enslaved and did not have citizen rights. The African-Americans protested greatly against their injustice. The birth of the civil rights movement was before the 1954 Supreme Court’s decision on Brown versus Board of Education (Topeka) which stated that separate but equal schools was against the Constitution. FromRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States1157 Words   |  5 PagesAnd by virtue of the power and for the purpose of the aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of States are and henceforward shall be free; and that the Executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons.† (CITE TEXT) I t took just over 100 years for African-Americans to achieve the dream that Abraham Lincoln envisioned nearly a century

Debunking the Bermuda Triangle free essay sample

Jorge Thompson Debunking the Bermuda Triangle The Bermuda Triangle is a triangular area in the Atlantic Ocean right off of the southeast coast of the United States. Legend has it that many people, ships, and planes have mysteriously vanished in this area because of the area’s mystical properties. These properties have formed several theories for the disappearances. They carry little validity and fail to take into account simple scientific and logical facts. The Bermuda Triangle can be easily explained by simple facts and there is no mystery that needs to be solved. The Bermuda Triangle legend began when several Navy planes vanished on a training mission during a severe storm in 1945. The legend continued to grow over the years as many more vehicles disappeared in the area. Instead of attributing the accidents to natural storms or instrument error, believers explain the incidences as the acts of evil extraterrestrials, residue crystals from Atlantis, magnetic fields, or methane gas. The easiest way that the Bermuda Triangle can be disproven is by investigating the assumptions of the believers. Some of the explanations for the Bermuda Triangle seem to be scientific in nature. The magnetic disturbance and methane gas explanations both use scientific language in order to assert the claims. The theories are not substantiated by the mere use of scientific language. In fact, they are discredited after finding that there is not any evidence behind them. The magnetic theory is easily disproven. The Bermuda Triangle is claimed to be one of the two places on earth that a magnetic compass points toward true (and not magnetic) north. The difference between true and magnetic north is known as compass variation and can cause variations as much as 20 degrees. The area where true and magnetic north are equal is called the Agonic Line. This line is supposedly the cause of the anomalies in the triangle. The Agonic Line moves slowly over time as it responds to the Earth’s rotation. At present, the line is now on the west side of the Florida panhandle while the disappearances continue to happen in the triangle area. The second â€Å"scientific† theory is the methane explanation. This theory was introduced by Monash University in the American Journal of Physics and stated that methane deposits on the ocean floor produced vast gas bubbles which were capable of sinking ships and crashing airplanes. This theory has some validity to it, but only in limited situations. â€Å"For a large methane bubble to be produced quickly, it would probably have to be released by a catastrophic drop in pressure† (Deming). This dramatic drop in pressure is possible if a submarine landslide occurs, but these slides are few and far in between, making this theory unlikely. Scientific language does not make a science. Arguments â€Å"†¦mean nothing without evidence, experimental testing, and corroboration† (Shermer 49). The claims simply do not meet the burden of proof. The extraterrestrial argument is easily debunked by this fallacy as well. There is simply no evidence to support the claims of extraterrestrial interference. Believers may say that there is no evidence to support these skeptical arguments. There may not be evidence to support the skeptical arguments, but this does not make the claims of the believers true. The Bermuda Triangle has another simple and non-mysterious explanation. There is some dispute about the exact area that comprises the triangle. The general consensus is that the points on the triangle are Miami, the island of Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. Some estimates include the Andes and the Gulf of Mexico in the triangle. The area is about the size of Texas. An exact number of incidents that have occurred in the area is unknown. A rough estimate is about 200 to 1,000 incidents in the past 500 years. A more conservative estimate is given by Howard L. Rosenberg. â€Å"During the past century more than 50 ships and 20 aircraft sailed into oblivion in the area known as the Devils Triangle, Bermuda Triangle, Hoodoo Sea, or a host of other names† (Rosenberg 13). This estimate was published in 1974 and it is reasonable to assume that traffic has increased since then. However, according to the Navy, the incidences in the Bermuda Triangle are not more numerous than any other area. â€Å"To see how common accidents are at sea, you can examine some of the recent accident reports of the National Transportation Safety Board for  ships  and  aircraft† (The Bermuda Triangle). The reports show hundreds of incidents occurring all over the world. Few take place in the triangle area and those that do take place in the area are easily explainable by such things as engine failures or running out of fuel. One of the aircraft accident reports concerns an in-flight engine failure and subsequent ditching of a Cessna aircraft This is the type of accident that would likely have been attributed to mysterious causes in the Bermuda Triangle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (The Bermuda Triangle). The accidents in the triangle happened because of human error, meteorological factors, or instrument failure, not because of mystical properties. Facts are important to reinforce a ny argument or claim. The facts surrounding some of the stories about the disappearances or crashes in the Bermuda Triangle do not exactly correspond on all points. Some of the crashes do not have any surviving witnesses to explain exactly what happened. The public has relied on speculation and superstition to fill a need for an explanation where that need could have just as easily been filled with logical and scientific reasoning. Natural events such as hurricanes and tropical storms can crash airplanes and ships and are much more easily proved than aliens planning to destroy humanity. Some of the basic facts and supposed evidence that support the Bermuda Triangle phenomenon do not make logically sound arguments, but they do make sensational stories.